PHS policy covers

PHS policy covers

• A. All vertebrates used in research
• B. All invertebrates
• C. Only birds
• D. Mammals only

Answer: (A)

The idea being tested is the scope of the PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. This policy applies to all vertebrate animals used in research, testing, or teaching activities that are supported by the Public Health Service. That means any vertebrate species—mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish—fall under this policy and must be cared for under the same humane and ethical standards, including IACUC oversight, appropriate housing, procedures, and record-keeping. Invertebrates are not covered by this policy, which is why the correct framing is that PHS policy encompasses all vertebrates used in research. Birds are included because they are vertebrates, not limited to mammals.

The idea being tested is the scope of the PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. This policy applies to all vertebrate animals used in research, testing, or teaching activities that are supported by the Public Health Service. That means any vertebrate species—mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish—fall under this policy and must be cared for under the same humane and ethical standards, including IACUC oversight, appropriate housing, procedures, and record-keeping.

Invertebrates are not covered by this policy, which is why the correct framing is that PHS policy encompasses all vertebrates used in research. Birds are included because they are vertebrates, not limited to mammals.